Wood, with its appearance and colour, can be of great help in recognizing a tree or shrub species when it has no leaves. Sections of the trunk or branches, transverse or longitudinal, with the bark around them, are of primary importance even today for students of forestry science, as well as for craftsmen everywhere who need to examine the colour, hardness, and density of the material they will be using for their projects. The collection in the Museum comprises over 400 sections of European and exotic plants, with a preference for species used in gardens or for tree-lining city streets. This is not a historical collection, but effectively a library of sections that need to be touched, cut and weighed in order to serve their useful purpose. Also related to wood is the collection designed by Adriano Fiori (1865-1950), which was dubbed the ‘Xilotomoteca’. Designed to accompany the herbarium specimens of the ‘Flora Italica Exsiccata’, it consists of transverse and longitudinal sections presenting a thickness less than one millimetre, prepared by Fiori between 1905 and 1927 using a microtome of his own design. The complete collection comprises 215 specimens and is exhibited in the Museum in its original version, with the sections placed in blue or cream-coloured envelopes. Other botanists worked alongside Fiori over the years, namely Augusto Béguinot (1875-1940) and Renato Pampanini (1875-1949).